Transfer Pricing Guidelines
The OECD released the latest updates to the Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations on 10 July 2017. This 2017 edition incorporates the substantial revisions made in 2016 to reflect the clarifications and revisions agreed to in the 2015 BEPS Reports on Actions 8-10 Aligning Transfer pricing Outcomes with Value Creation and on Action 13 Transfer Pricing Documentation and Country-by-Country Reporting. It also includes the revised guidance on safe harbours approved in 2013 which recognises that properly designed safe harbours can help to relieve some compliance burdens and provide taxpayers with greater certainty. Finally, this edition also contains consistency changes that were made to the rest of the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines.
Please follow the link below to access the latest version of the Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations:
Maggie Kgobane(Tax Expert) live on Yilungelo Lakho
Maggie Kgobane was interviewed on Tax related matters with SARS Manager Thokozani Mzantsi and Advocate Ombudsman Eric Mkhawane of SARS on Yilungelo Lakho on SABC 1 on the 10th of July 2017. Maggie shared her expertise with utmost confidence.
She addressed questions that are frequently asked by taxpayers regarding Taxation and included useful guidelines that should be followed when filing your tax return. Tax Consulting South Africa is very proud of Maggie’s sterling performance on national television.
Please see below a clip of the interview:
A repeat of the interview will air at 22:00 on 2017-07-13 on SABC 1
Expats – Filing Tax Returns
The 2016/17 tax season is here and this is an important year of tax filing for expatriate employees, especially South Africans working temporarily abroad. We are all well aware of the tax change on the cards and this tax submission must be done bearing future tax strategy in mind.
As an expatriate, there are a few tax concepts to keep in mind, most importantly that you need to declare world-wide income. We have seen so many expatriates or their tax practitioners simply submitting a zero tax return and this is incorrect. This can only be done where you are a non-resident for tax purposes and have no South African source income.
Where you do file correctly, i.e. declaring your world-wide income, there is obviously the section 10(1)(o)(ii) exempts foreign income exemption, which is the section which will be changed this year. Many expatriates have decided to assume a status as a non-resident to pre-empt the impact of this tax law change. Some have even proceeded to obtaining tax residency certificates in foreign jurisdictions. Whilst a residency certificate is by no means conclusive of the tax status, this no doubt assists in discharging the burden of proof.
SARS seem to have caught onto this trend and have now introduced new sections in the tax return to specifically make sure that these expatriates correctly declare their tax position. By making incorrectly a non-residency declaration, there is an automatic trigger of various tax and exchange control provisions, and expatriates must please be cautious to only make an informed decision hereon. There should be no willy-nilly assumption of non-residency and no “quick ticking” of any boxes.
Otherwise, we have seen an increased audit on expatriate employees, but at this stage we are unsure if this is simply part of the higher SARS 12% audit target per year, or whether there is a specific focus on expatriate tax compliance.
CONTACT@TAXCONSULTING.CO.ZA
SARS Sets Sights on High-Net-Worth Individuals
High-net-worth individuals (HNWIs) will find themselves under greater scrutiny from SARS in the immediate future says Jerry Botha, Managing Partner at Tax Consulting South Africa. “In reviewing the SARS Annual Performance Plan for 2017 to 2018,” he states, “one will notice that they have highlighted low compliance of HNWIs as a strategic risk.”
Botha notes this is in addition to the 12% of taxpayers on the register which SARS will audit for the next year.
The South Africa 2017 Wealth Report, published by Research and Markets, indicates that the country is home to some 40,400 HNWIs with a combined wealth of US$171-billion. If many of these individuals are not meeting their tax obligations, as SARS believes, a substantial amount of revenue is being lost per annum.
SARS Upping its Detection Abilities
SARS’ response to this perceived threat to revenue collection will be to “develop and acquire capability to effectively tackle HNWIs and their related trusts, and redefine taxpayers in this segment.” The document also states that one approach the tax authority will take to enforce compliance is “increased and targeted audits”. The text goes on to say that 130 HNWIs can expect to be audited in the 2017/2018 tax year.
SARS has also committed itself to complete its implementation of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development’s (OECD) Common Reporting Standard (CRS) by end of December 2017. This means that there can effectively no longer be offshore hidden money, as the world has followed the United States’ lead in forcing disclosure by financial institutions of any account owned or otherwise connect to South African residents or citizens.
Legislation to Tackle Loopholes
Apart from SARS’ activities, new legislation is being developed to close loopholes that are often exploited to reduce one’s tax obligation. A recent example is the Taxation Laws Amendment Act 15 of 2016 that redefines the forgone interest on low-interest or interest-free loans to a trust as a donation, thereby making the lender liable for donations tax.
“My advice to every High Net Worth Individual is to realise that their options for avoiding taxation, legal or otherwise, are shrinking,” says Botha. “It’s important that they get their financial affairs in order and, if necessary, make use of the leniency SARS is offering in terms of voluntary disclosure. The most effective measure is that High Net Worth Individuals should self-audit their structures and ask themselves the tough questions. Once SARS asks these questions and you are found wanting, the penalty regime means your penalties alone will mostly be more than the actual taxes
As far as this self-disclosure is concerned, Botha is referring to SARS’ Special Voluntary Disclosure Programme by which taxpayers can reveal undeclared income at reduced penalties and without fear of prosecution. However, he warns that the final date for this allowance is 31 August 2017, so those wishing to take advantage of it should act promptly.
Be Prepared
As financially astute as they are, wealthy individuals should be wary of approaching tax matters unprepared, whether it’s an audit, voluntary disclosure or other related issue. There are cases where a special voluntary disclosure is not required and a standard voluntary disclosure will suffice. When being audited, offering the right answers to an auditor’s pointed questions makes all the difference to the outcome.
Understanding the nuances and configurations of an ever-changing tax landscape and how to respond to them is key to wealth preservation. Botha urges those of high net worth to engage a strong legal, financial and tax team. “Having dealt with HNWIs and complex tax matters over the years,” observes Botha, “I can confidently say that those who have a strong team of specialists are better prepared to handle any eventuality.”
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Tax Season 2017 is Open
Tax Season 2017 is Open
The tax season opened on the 1st of July for individuals to submit their Income Tax returns.
The deadline dates differ according to the method of submission and is as follows:
- 2 September 2017 for manually submitted returns;
- 24 November 2017 for returns submitted electronically at a SARS branch or via e-filling; or
- 31 January 2018 for returns submitted by provisional taxpayers via e-filling.
Who must Submit Income Tax Returns for 2017 Year of Assessment
Both resident and non-resident companies, trusts or other juristic persons, who carried on a trade through a permanent establishment in the Republic, derived income from a source in the Republic, derived any capital gain or capital loss from the disposal of an asset to which the Eighth Schedule to the Income Tax Act applies, every company incorporated, established or formed in the Republic, but which is not a resident as a result of the application of any agreement entered into with the Government of any other country for the avoidance of double taxation, are liable to submit income tax returns for 2017 year of assessment.
All resident and non-resident natural persons, who:
- Carried on any trade (other than solely in his or her capacity as an employee);
- Was paid or granted an allowance or advance as described in section 8(1)(a)(i) of the Income Tax Act (other than an amount reimbursed or advanced as described in section 8(1)(a)(ii)) and whose gross income exceeded the thresholds set out in paragraph (4) below;
- Was granted a taxable benefit described in paragraph 7 of the Seventh Schedule to the Income Tax Act and whose gross income exceeded the thresholds set out in paragraph (4) below;
- Are residents and had capital gains or capital losses exceeding R40 000, and for non-residents who had capital gains or capital losses from the disposal of an asset to which the Eighth Schedule to the Income Tax Act applies;
- Is a resident who held any funds in foreign currency or owned any assets outside the Republic, if the total value of those funds and assets exceeded R225 000 at any stage during the 2017 year of assessment;
- Is a resident who had any income or capital gains from funds in foreign currency or assets outside the Republic;
- Is issued an income tax return form or who is requested by the Commissioner in writing to furnish a return, irrespective of the amount of income of that person;
- Is an estate of a deceased person that had gross income;
- Is a non-resident whose gross income included interest from a source in the Republic and is not subject to the exemptions contained in Section 10 (1) (h) of the Income Tax Act
- Is a representative taxpayer of any persons are all liable to submit and file income tax returns for 2017 year of assessment.
Who is Exempt from Submitting Income Tax Returns?
Natural persons and estates of deceased persons, if the gross income of that person consisted solely of gross income, such as remuneration paid or payable from one employer, which does not exceed R350 000 and employees’ tax has been deducted or withheld in terms of the deduction tables prescribed by the Commissioner, dividends received by, or accrued to natural persons who were non-residents throughout 2017 year of assessment; and amounts received or accrued from a tax-free investments, do not need to file income tax returns. In addition to this requirement, interest (other than interest from a tax-free investment) from a source in the Republic not exceeding:
- R 23 800 for natural persons below the age of 65 years;
- R 34 500 for natural persons aged 65 years, or older;
- R 23 800 for the estates of deceased persons is not subject to income tax.
Natural persons, who have received income not exceeding R 75 000 per year for persons under the age of 65 years; R 116 150 per year for persons older than 65 years, but under the age of 75 years and R 129 850 per year for persons older than 75 years will not be liable to submit and file income tax returns for 2017 year of assessment.
What Supporting Documents May be Required?
When completing your return, have your supporting documents at hand. You may need to refer to some of the supporting documents listed below, while completing your return; however, you must not submit them to SARS. You must keep them safely in your possession for at least five years in case SARS needs access to them in future.
- Your IRP5/IT3(a) certificate(s) which you will receive from your employer
- Medical certificates as well as documents required for amounts claimed in addition to those covered by your medical aid.
- Pension and retirement annuity certificates
- Your banking details
- Travel logbook (if you receive a travel allowance)
- Tax certificates that you received in respect of investment income (IT3(b))
- Completed confirmation of diagnosis of disability (ITR-DD), where applicable
- Information relating to capital gain transactions, if applicable
- The approved Voluntary Disclosure Programme (VDP) Agreement between yourself and SARS for years prior to 17 February 2010, where applicable
- Financial statements, e.g. business income, where applicable
- Any other documentation relating to income you received or deductions you want to claim.
Tax Consulting has a team of Consultants on hand and ready to handle any queries you may have regarding your Income Tax return.
Please feel free to contact them on the following number:
(011) 467 0810 or e-mail contact@taxconsulting.co.za
Who should Complete a Tax Return? Government Gazette, 9 June 2017
In terms of section 25 of the Tax Administration Act, 2011, Commissioner for SARS Tom Moyane promulgated Public Notice 547, which sets out the requirements for which persons how to submit income tax returns for 2017 year of assessment. In terms of section 25 of the Tax Administration Act, read with section 66(1) of the Income Tax Act, persons specified in terms of paragraph 2 of the Public Notice 547 are required to submit an income tax return within the prescribed period in paragraph 4 of the said Public Notice.
As the tax season of 2017 opens in just under two weeks, we shall examine the various categories of persons who are compelled by the Public Notice to submit income tax returns for 2017, as well as other important matters referring to the 2017 filing season.
Who must Submit Income Tax Returns for 2017 Year of Assessment
Both resident and non-resident companies, trusts or other juristic persons, who carried on a trade through a permanent establishment in the Republic, derived income from a source in the Republic, derived any capital gain or capital loss from the disposal of an asset to which the Eighth Schedule to the Income Tax Act applies, every company incorporated, established or formed in the Republic, but which is not a resident as a result of the application of any agreement entered into with the Government of any other country for the avoidance of double taxation, are liable to submit income tax returns for 2017 year of assessment..
All resident and non-resident natural persons, who:
Carried on any trade (other than solely in his or her capacity as an employee);
- Was paid or granted an allowance or advance as described in section 8(1)(a)(i) of the Income Tax Act (other than an amount reimbursed or advanced as described in section 8(1)(a)(ii)) and whose gross income exceeded the thresholds set out in paragraph (4) below;
- Was granted a taxable benefit described in paragraph 7 of the Seventh Schedule to the Income Tax Act and whose gross income exceeded the thresholds set out in paragraph (4) below;
- Are residents and had capital gains or capital losses exceeding R40 000, and for non-residents who had capital gains or capital losses from the disposal of an asset to which the Eighth Schedule to the Income Tax Act applies;
- Is a resident who held any funds in foreign currency or owned any assets outside the Republic, if the total value of those funds and assets exceeded R225 000 at any stage during the 2017 year of assessment;
- Is a resident who had any income or capital gains from funds in foreign currency or assets outside the Republic;
- Is issued an income tax return form or who is requested by the Commissioner in writing to furnish a return, irrespective of the amount of income of that person;
- Is an estate of a deceased person that had gross income;
- Is a non-resident whose gross income included interest from a source in the Republic and is not subject to the exemptions contained in Section 10 (1) (h) of the Income Tax Act
- Is a representative taxpayer of any persons are all liable to submit and file income tax returns for 2017 year of assessment.
Who is Exempt from Submitting Income Tax Returns
Natural persons and estates of deceased persons, if the gross income of that person consisted solely of gross income, such as remuneration paid or payable from one employer, which does not exceed R350 000 and employees’ tax has been deducted or withheld in terms of the deduction tables prescribed by the Commissioner, dividends received by, or accrued to natural persons who were non-residents throughout 2017 year of assessment; and amounts received or accrued from a tax-free investments, do not need to file income tax returns. In addition to this requirement, interest (other than interest from a tax-free investment) from a source in the Republic not exceeding:
- R 23 800 for natural persons below the age of 65 years;
- R 34 500 for natural persons aged 65 years, or older;
- R 23 800 for the estates of deceased persons is not subject to income tax.
Natural persons, who have received income not exceeding R 75 000 per year for persons under the age of 65 years; R 116 150 per year for persons older than 65 years, but under the age of 75 years and R 129 850 per year for persons older than 75 years will not be liable to submit and file income tax returns for 2017 year of assessment.
Deadlines for Income Tax Returns Submissions
The periods within which income tax returns must be furnished are for companies within 12 months after the end of the financial year end and for all other persons, which includes natural persons and trusts:
- On, or before 22 September 2017 for all manually submitted income tax returns;
- On, or before 24 November 2017 for all income tax returns submitted by using the SARS eFiling platform or electronically through the assistance of a SARS official at an office of SARS;
- On, or before 31 January 2018 if the return relates to a provisional taxpayer and is submitted by using the SARS eFiling platform.
Forms of Income Tax Returns
The forms prescribed by the Commissioner for the submission of income tax returns are obtainable on request via the internet at www.sarsefiling.co.za or from any office of SARS, other than an office which deals solely with matters relating to customs and excise.
Good luck with the submissions of your income tax returns! We are here to assist you if you need any advice and guidance for the completion and submission of your income tax return, or if you are aggrieved by the assessment received from SARS.
Herewith a link for ease of reference:
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Tax Residency and Retirement Annuity considerations for Expatriates
Tax Residency and Retirement Annuity considerations for Expatriates
South African expatriates are reeling in response to the proposed changes to the foreign income tax exemption, so much so that many expatriates are investigating whether they can become non-resident for tax purposes. Similarly, expatriates who previously intended to retire in South Africa are now not so sure, and those who have a retirement annuity in South Africa are exploring the option of withdrawing the proceeds of their annuity and taking the money abroad.
With this change in attitude, expatriates should give some consideration as to whether or not they can prove their non-residency and whether they are legally permitted to cash in / withdraw their retirement annuity in a lump sum.
In terms of section 102 of the Tax Administration Act, No. 28 of 2011, the taxpayer bears the burden of proving all tax exemptions, deductions or set-offs, lower tax rates and reductions. In the same vein, it is the taxpayer and not SARS who will have to prove the taxpayer’s residency status.
In endeavouring to prove their non-residency, unfortunately it is not enough for a taxpayer to simply state an intention to be non-resident. The taxpayer will have to show something more, this by pointing to objective factors, such as their work and personal circumstances, which evidence such non-residency.
Although not in the context of residency, but still in considering the correlation between subjective belief and objective, external factors, the 2015 Supreme Court Appeal decision in Anglo Platinum Management Services (Pty) Ltd v C:SARS confirmed that “a court is not concerned with the subjective belief of the parties to the agreement – no matter how genuine that belief may be – but with whether the facts, objectively viewed, establish that this result was attained.”
A taxpayer must therefore prove with sufficient certainty, through a reliance on a significant presence of objective factors, that they are non-resident. In that regard, one factor stands out from the rest and evidences beyond any doubt that the taxpayer intends to become non-resident. This is where the taxpayer has effected a formal financial emigration through the Reserve Bank.
Interestingly, with regard to a lump sum withdrawal of a retirement annuity, the legislature seems to have taken a similar view on proving non-residency by effecting in 2016 an amendment to the Income Tax Act, No. 58 of 1962. The Act now provides that a taxpayer who intends to transfer their annuity abroad, may only do so where they are or were “a resident who emigrated from the Republic and that emigration is recognised by the South African Reserve Bank for purposes of exchange control”.
In conforming to the Anglo Platinum decision, it is therefore insufficient to rely solely on a subjective belief of non-residency for purposes of cashing in a retirement annuity. The taxpayer must objectively validate this belief, this by effecting a financial emigration. This codification of the objective test provides for absolute certainty as to the taxpayer’s residency.
Whether or not a taxpayer intends to withdraw their retirement annuity, effecting a financial emigration should still be pursued. As an attorney, it will always be easier to rebut an assessment raised by SARS where I can point to the taxpayer’s prior financial emigration and resultant non-residency.